Analysis of Direct Medical Costs for Inpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Jember Lung Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36858/ipj.v2i2.91Keywords:
COPD; direct medical cost; Cost of Illness; pharmacoeconomics; COPD; hospitalizationAbstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. The goals of COPD therapy are to reduce symptoms, decrease exacerbations, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality (Kristiningrum, 2019). Differences in patient characteristic and disease severity may affect therapeutic needs and the costs incurred by patients. Direct medical cost analysis is one of the components of the Cost Of Illness method used to determine the economic burden of a disease (Andayani, 2022). This study aimed to analyze the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital. This study was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design using secondary data from medical records of COPD patients during the January-October 2025 period. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a total sample of 71 patients. Cost analysis was performed using the Cost Of Illness (COI) method. The results showed that COPD patients were predominantly male with 53 patients (74,65%), aged 60-69 years with 32 patients (45,07%), and had a length of stay of 4-6 days with 40 patients (56,33%). The average medication cost was IDR 986.697, treatment cost was IDR 1.394.451, and laboratory cost was IDR 137.242. The average direct medical cost was IDR 2.518.390, which was lower than the INA-CBG’s tariff of IDR 4.888.400. Treatment cost was the largest cost component contributing to the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients.
Key words: COPD; direct medical cost; Cost of Illness; pharmacoeconomics; COPD; hospitalization
References
Abror, N. A., Andayani, T. M., & Sulistiawaty, E. (2019). Analisis biaya penyakit Diabetes Melitus sebagai pertimbangan perencanaan pembiayaan kesehatan. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)(e-Journal), 5(1), 73-83.
Alaydrus, S. (2020). Analisis biaya pengobatan penyakit paru obstruktif kronik pasien rawat inap rumah sakit umum daerah kabupaten sukoharjo. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa, 3(1), 51-61.
Andayani, T. M. (2022). Farmakoekonomi: prinsip dan metodologi.
Bălă, G.-P., Râjnoveanu, R.-M., Tudorache, E., Motișan, R., & Oancea, C. (2021). Air pollution exposure—the (in) visible risk factor for respiratory diseases. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(16), 19615-19628.
Collins, P. F., Yang, I. A., Chang, Y.-C., & Vaughan, A. (2019). Nutritional support in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): an evidence update. Journal of thoracic disease, 11(Suppl 17), S2230.
Dinkes Jatim, D. (2022). Profil Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur 2021. Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur.
Farrasyifa, R. (2025). Analisis Biaya Pengobatan Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung Periode Tahun 2023.
Firman, F., & Lestari, K. (2024). Analisis Pembiayaan berdasarkan Lama Rawat Pasien BPJS Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Komplikasi Sirkulasi Perifer di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(1), 4.
Kirsch, F., Schramm, A., Schwarzkopf, L., Lutter, J. I., Szentes, B., Huber, M., & Leidl, R. (2019). Direct and indirect costs of COPD progression and its comorbidities in a structured disease management program: results from the LQ-DMP study. Respiratory research, 20(1), 215.
Kristiningrum, E. (2019). Farmakoterapi Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik (PPOK). Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 46(4), 262-271.
Matera, M. G., Hanania, N. A., Maniscalco, M., & Cazzola, M. (2023). Pharmacotherapies in older adults with COPD: challenges and opportunities. Drugs & aging, 40(7), 605.
Patel, A. R., Patel, A. R., Singh, S., Singh, S., & Khawaja, I. (2019). Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease: the changes made. Cureus, 11(6).
Patel, J. G., Coutinho, A. D., Lunacsek, O. E., & Dalal, A. A. (2018). COPD affects worker productivity and health care costs. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2301-2311.
Sari, B. S. (2017). Analisis Efektivitas Biaya (Cost Effectiveness Analysis) Pada Pasien Apendisitis Di Rsu Pancaran Kasih Gmim Manado. PHARMACON, 6(3).
Silitonga, E., Lorensia, A., Jalmav, M. M., & Gitaputri, P. A. (2024a). Perbedaan Tarif INA–CBG’s Dengan Biaya Rill Pasien PPOK Di RSU Anwar Medika Sidoarjo. CoMPHI Journal: Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal, 4(3).
Vogelmeier, C. F., Roman-Rodriguez, M., Singh, D., Han, M. K., Rodriguez-Roisin, R., & Ferguson, G. T. (2020). Goals Of COPD Treatment: Focus On Symptoms And Exacerbations. Respiratory medicine, 166, 105938.
Wulandari, A., & Veryanti, P. R. (2020). Analisis Biaya Terapi Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) Rawat Inap di RSUP Fatmawati Periode 2018: Cost Analysis of Therapy Patient Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Hospital in RSUP Fatmawati 2018. Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, 13(1), 8-14.
Yuanda, D., Endarti, D., & Puspandari, D. A. (2026). Direct Hospitalization Cost of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Review. Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu, 6(01), 50-59.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Putri MS, Devi Rahayu, Shinta Mayasari, Wima Anggitasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
